Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Distinct features of a peripheral T helper subset that drives the B cell response in dengue virus infection

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115366

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: A human CXCL13/BLC/BCA-1 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems) was used to measure the CXCL13 cytokine concentration in plasma samples as a circulating GC marker.

Techniques: Purification, Virus, Recombinant, Lysis, Staining, Electron Microscopy, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Amplification, Gene Expression, Software

Journal: Cancer immunology research

Article Title: Radiofrequency ablation remodels the tumor microenvironment and promotes neutrophil-mediated abscopal immunomodulation in pancreatic cancer

doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-22-0379

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tumor size was recorded 4 days before (Initial), right before (Pre) and 4 days after (Post) Sham or RFA treatment. Proteome arrays were performed in locally ablated tumors and serum of ablated mice and compared to Sham-treated mice (Control). A, Experimental design of RFA-treated mice. B, Growth curves show Control tumors (n = 8) significantly increased in size 4 days after treatment when compared to RFA-treated (n = 8) and non-RFA treated (n = 7) tumors. C, At the time of euthanization only Sham-treated tumors (n = 8) had significantly increased in size compared with pretreatment size; no difference in size was observed in RFA-treated (n = 8) and non-RFA treated (n = 7) tumors Pre and Post RFA. D, ImageJ quantification of necrosis, which was detected by H&E staining. RFA significantly increased necrosis on the RFA- and non-RFA-treated tumors compared to control Sham-treated tumors. E, Representative composite H&E staining of control, RFA, and non-RFA treated tumors showing necrotic areas inside dashed lines. F, ImageJ quantification showing RFA increased cleaved caspase 3+ cells in the RFA-treated and non-RFA treated tumors compared to control Sham-treated control tumors, as assessed by IHC. G, Representative IHC staining for cleaved caspase 3 in control, RFA, and non-RFA treated tumors. H, ImageJ quantification revealed RFA significantly increased the number of granzyme B+ cells in the RFA-treated tumors compared to controls and non-RFA treated tumors, as assessed by IHC. I, IHC staining for granzyme B in control, RFA, and non-RFA treated tumors. J, RFA-treated tumors (n = 3) presented increased expression of C5/C5a, IL-23 and CXCL12 compared to control (n = 2) tumor content. K, CXCL10, CXCL12, CXCL13 and TIMP-1 were significantly elevated in serum from RFA-treated (n = 4) mice compared to Sham-treated (n = 3) control serum. Time x Treatment comparisons were performed using Two-way ANOVA, treatment only comparisons by One-way ANOVA and proteome arrays were analyzed by multiple t test. Bar plots showing mean with SEM were used to represent data. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001; n.s., not significant. Scale bars are 50μM.

Article Snippet: CXCL13 ELISA Mouse CXCL13/BLC/BCA-1 Quantikine ELISA Kit assay was used to determine CXCL13 levels in mouse serum, splenocytes and tumors homogenates, following the manufacturer instructions (R&D Systems, cat #MCX130).

Techniques: Control, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Expressing

Journal: Cancer immunology research

Article Title: Radiofrequency ablation remodels the tumor microenvironment and promotes neutrophil-mediated abscopal immunomodulation in pancreatic cancer

doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-22-0379

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-B, IMC analysis of tumors 4 days after Sham or RFA treatment revealed Ly6G+CD11b+CD44+ neutrophils are enriched in non-RFA treated tumors. C, Neighborhood analysis identified immune cells and markers with strong neutrophil co-localization. D, Cluster and Cell Phenotype information of Neighborhood analysis of IMC data. E, Experimental design for neutrophil depletion in vivo followed by RFA. F, RFA locally ablated tumors treated with IgG2a isotype control (VEH, n = 6) or anti-Ly6G (ND, n = 8) did not show differences in tumor size right before (Pre) and 4 days after (Post) RFA ablation. In non-RFA treated tumors, anti-Ly6G (ND, n = 8) treatment revealed an increase in tumor size Post RFA treatment when compared to IgG2a isotype control (VEH, n = 6) treated tumors. G, Neutrophil depletion (ND; anti-Ly6G treated group) did not alter αSMA staining, detected by IHC, in RFA-treated tumors when compared to RFA-treated tumors with IgG2a (VEH); on the contrary, neutrophil depletion (ND) revealed non-RFA treated tumors presented a significant increase in αSMA compared to control non-neutrophil depleted (VEH) group. H, Neutrophil depletion did not alter CD31 staining, detected by IHC, in any of the groups. I, Neutrophil-depleted RFA treated tumors presented a significant reduction in CXCL13 content compared to both VEH + RFA and non-RFA treated tumors when assayed using a cytokine array. No differences were found in non-RFA treated tumors between treatments. J, Neutrophil depletion presented a trend in reducing systemic CXCL13 levels in RFA treated mice. Tumor volume was analyzed by paired Student’s t test. Tumor chemokine levels were studied by Two-way ANOVA. IHC and serum protein expression levels were analyzed by unpaired Student’s t test. Bar plots indicate mean with SEM. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ****, P ≤ 0.0001; n.s., not significant.

Article Snippet: CXCL13 ELISA Mouse CXCL13/BLC/BCA-1 Quantikine ELISA Kit assay was used to determine CXCL13 levels in mouse serum, splenocytes and tumors homogenates, following the manufacturer instructions (R&D Systems, cat #MCX130).

Techniques: In Vivo, Control, Staining, Expressing

Journal: BMC Medicine

Article Title: Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01529-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Untreated hyperacute HIV, but not ART early-treated hyperacute HIV, is associated with elevation of plasma cytokines that have distinct kinetics. a Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL-10). b Monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG/CXCL-9). c Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). d Interleukin 12 (IL-12). e Soluble IL-2 receptor (IL-2R). f Interleukin 8 (IL-8). g Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). h Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA). i B cell-activating factor (BAFF/BLYS/TNFSF13B). j Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13). k Soluble CD14. l Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha). N = 12 for untreated hyperacute HIV-infected participants (except CXCL13 and BAFF with N = 10). N = 8 for ART early-treated hyperacute HIV-infected individuals (except CXCL13 and BAFF with N = 6 and IFN-alpha with N = 7). Cytokine levels for one of the untreated participants were measured 434 days instead of 238–263 days after the detection of viremia. Each symbol represents an individual participant. Except for IFN-alpha, red symbols show the plasma levels in untreated participants and blue symbols show the plasma levels in ART early-treated participants. Horizontal lines and error bars in the scatter plots represent the median and interquartile range. In l (IFN-alpha), every colored line represents a participant. Statistical test used: Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. “Pre” refers to the pre-infection time point

Article Snippet: The plasma levels of BAFF had been measured in a previous study pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (4–11 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using Human BAFF Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) while CXCL13 had been measured pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (1–4 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) [ ].

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Infection

Journal: BMC Medicine

Article Title: Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01529-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: CXCL13 is positively associated with delayed suppression of viremia in early-treated individuals. a Duration to viral suppression in days among early-treated participants. b Correlation between duration to viral suppression in days and viral load at the time of initiating ART in early-treated individuals. c Correlation between duration to viral suppression and plasma CXCL13 levels at 3 months. d Correlation between viral load at the time of initiating ART and plasma CXCL13 levels at 3 months. Each symbol represents an individual participant ( N = 6). Statistical test: Spearman’s rank-order correlation. P values < 0.05 were considered significant

Article Snippet: The plasma levels of BAFF had been measured in a previous study pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (4–11 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using Human BAFF Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) while CXCL13 had been measured pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (1–4 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) [ ].

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics

Journal: BMC Medicine

Article Title: Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01529-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: The magnitude of plasma cytokines predicts CD4 + T cell and viral load dynamics in untreated hyperacute HIV infection. a Correlation between peak IFN-alpha and peak viremia. b Correlation between hyperacute soluble IL-2 receptor and peak viremia. c Correlation between hyperacute IL-1RA and viral load set point. d Correlation between hyperacute CXCL13 and nadir CD4 + T cell counts. e Correlation between hyperacute soluble IL-2 receptor and nadir CD4 + T cell counts. f Correlation between hyperacute IL-1RA and set point CD4 + T cell counts. Each symbol represents an individual participant ( N = 12 except CXCL13 with N = 10). Statistical test: Spearman’s rank-order correlation. P values < 0.05 were considered significant

Article Snippet: The plasma levels of BAFF had been measured in a previous study pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (4–11 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using Human BAFF Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) while CXCL13 had been measured pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (1–4 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) [ ].

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Infection

Journal: BMC Medicine

Article Title: Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01529-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Plasma cytokines/chemokines are associated with reduced blood counts of lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils in untreated acutely HIV-infected patients. a Correlation between CXCL13 and total lymphocytes. b Correlation between CXCL13 and eosinophils. c Correlation between CXCL13 and basophils. d Correlation between MIG/CXCL9 and total lymphocytes. e Correlation between MIG/CXCL9 and eosinophils. f Correlation between MIG/CXCL9 and basophils. g Correlation between soluble IL-2 receptor and total lymphocytes. h Correlation between soluble IL-2 receptor and eosinophils. i Correlation between soluble IL-2 receptor and basophils. The measurements of cytokines and blood cell counts were in the hyperacute phase of HIV infection. Each symbol represents an individual participant ( N = 12 except CXCL13 ( a – c ) with N = 10). Statistical test: Spearman’s rank-order correlation. P values < 0.05 were considered significant

Article Snippet: The plasma levels of BAFF had been measured in a previous study pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (4–11 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using Human BAFF Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) while CXCL13 had been measured pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (1–4 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) [ ].

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Infection

Journal: BMC Medicine

Article Title: Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01529-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation network showing a summary of the relationships between cytokines, CD4 + T cell dynamics, viral load dynamics, Gag-driven viral replication capacity, and hematological parameters in untreated hyperacute HIV infection. Statistical test used: Spearman’s rank-order correlation. Red lines show significant positive correlations. Blue lines show significant inverse correlations. The width of the line indicates the strength of Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rho). Only correlations that have P < 0.05 are shown. Gag RC, Gag-driven viral replication capacity ( N = 12 except CXCL13 and BAFF with N = 10)

Article Snippet: The plasma levels of BAFF had been measured in a previous study pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (4–11 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using Human BAFF Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) while CXCL13 had been measured pre-infection, during the hyperacute infection phase (1–4 days after the detection of viremia), at two time points after peak viremia (13–18 days and 24–32 days after the detection of viremia), and during the early chronic phase (77–95 days after the detection of viremia) using human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) [ ].

Techniques: Infection